Testing Upholstery Cleanability
Check Stuffing and Lining
If the cushions don't have zippers, the stuffing or
lining materials can be determined by sticking a fine
crochet hook in the bottom side of the cushion and
pulling out a small amount of stuffing and lining.
If latex foam rubber padding, a dry cleaning solvent
should not be used. Urethane foams, such as polyurethane
or polyfoam, are less subject to deterioration by dry
cleaning solvents. Polyester fibers in cushion are
resistant to most dry-cleaning chemicals except ones
that contain phenol or hot mets-cresol.
If any dark or red stuffing thread is found be aware
of potential bleeding during shampooing or cleaning. It
may indicate that the fabric must be cleaned with a
minimum of moisture.
If jute fillings are found close to the surface,
the jute may cause browning of the upholstery fabric when
it becomes wet.
Check for Color Fastness
This is done by pressing a white rag or paper towel
dampened with cleaning solution on the fabric's deeper
colors on some unnoticeable place. If color is
transferred to the rag, it should be tested again with a
slightly acid cleaning solution. If color still bleeds,
then the only safe cleaner for the fabric is dry cleaning
solvent which may be used for spots, but should NOT be
used at home for overall cleaning for safety. Have
solvent cleaning done commercially by professionals in a
controlled plant. Even though an upholstered piece may
have been cleaned several times, it can still run or fade
after long exposure to wear or sun.
Check for Shrinkage
Clean a section on the back or pillow side; use the
cleaning solution in the appropriate concentration, allow
to dry, and inspect. Has the fabric pulled together or
become tighter? If so the fabric has shrunk.
If any of these tests indicate bleeding, fading,
shrinkage, or damage to the upholstery fabric, then you
have two choices: either have it cleaned by a
professional or decide not to clean the piece.